Influence of friction on die filling in counterblow hammer forging

The present work is the result of a reversed modeling, aimed at finding the best average friction factor on the tool/workpiece interface when simulati ng forging with the commercial FE code FORM2D. A vital restriction of FORM2 D is its inability to distribute more than one friction factor for each too l. The studied process is the five-step counterblow hammer forging of pinio ns. Analyses are restricted to workpiece geometries, filling of the upper d ie and how the filling varies with friction. It is concluded that the most realistic filling of the upper die is obtained when maximum friction is app lied to the lower die and a friction factor of roughly 0.2 to the upper die . (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.