Determinants of user innovation and innovation sharing in a local market

It is known that end users of products and services sometimes innovate, and that innovations developed by users sometimes become the basis for importa nt new commercial products and services. It has also been argued and to som e extent shown that such innovations will be found concentrated in a "lead user" segment of the user community. However, neither the characteristics o f innovating users nor the scope of the community that they "lead" has been explored in depth. In this paper, we explore the characteristics of innovation, innovators, an d innovation sharing by library users of OPAC information search systems in Australia. This market has capable users, but it is nonetheless clearly a "follower" with respect to worldwide technological advance. We find that 26 % of users in this local market nonetheless do modify their OPACs in both m ajor and minor ways, and that OPAC manufacturers judge many of these user m odifications to be of commercial interest. We find that we can distinguish modifying from nonmodifying users on the basis of a number of factors, incl uding their "leading-edge status" and their in-house technical capabilities . We find that many innovating users freely share their innovations with ot hers, and find that we can distinguish users that share information about t heir modifications from users that do not. We conclude by considering some implications of our findings for idea generation practices in marketing.