Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common etiologic agent in outpatients
pneumonia. Pneumococcal infections are often associated with high mortality
risk in immunocompromised patients.
An increasing resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae to antibiotics is obse
rved worldwide. This led to the official recommendation by the STIKO to use
the vaccination in special risk groups, The commercially available 23-vale
nt polysaccharide vaccine produces a reliable immune response against pneum
ococcal infection in children aged over 2 years and adults. The recommendat
ion should be more realized in practice.