To assess the impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on AID
S-associated cognitive impairment, 22 patients with AIDS with (n = 11) and
without (n = 11) cognitive deficit were evaluated clinically and by MRS eve
ry 3 months for 9 months. Nineteen patients were on HAART at study entry, 2
1 after 2 months. Cognitively impaired patients presented with a subcortico
frontal deficit and decreased N-acetyl-aspartate in frontal white matter. T
hese clinical and metabolic abnormalities reversed partially on HAART, wher
eas they remained within normal limits in cognitively unimpaired patients.