W. Fellberg et al., Origin of the "up," "down" hysteresis offsets observed from polarization-graded ferroelectric materials, APPL PHYS L, 78(4), 2001, pp. 524-526
"Up" and "down" hysteresis offsets were observed in polarization-graded fer
roelectrics. The polarization gradients were achieved by imposing temperatu
re gradients across a bulk ferroelectric material near its Curie temperatur
e. In the absence of temperature gradients, no hysteresis offsets were obse
rved, ruling out extraneous sources as the cause of the aberrant behavior,
thereby establishing the origin of the offsets in the class of polarization
-graded ferroelectric devices. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics.