This paper uses a simple model of atmospheric transport and an emissions in
ventory prepared by TNO to estimate the contribution of primary particulate
material to PM10 and PM2.5 concentration across Europe. The resulting popu
lation exposure is compared with that of secondary particulates, and it is
noted that both primary and secondary contributions will be significantly r
educed with the implementation of new protocols under the Convention on Lon
g-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (CLRTAP). Since concentrations of prima
ry PM10 can become elevated in episodic situations, when long-range transpo
rt of particulate could, on its own, exceed 24 h average targets of 50 mug
m(-3) over large areas of Europe, such reduction is important for achieveme
nt of current air quality standards to control exposure to atmospheric part
iculate PM10. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.