Nucleic acids are the structural supports of genetic material and therefore
the key factors in many vital cellular processes. The double-stranded righ
t-handed helix is a regular conformation adopted by both DNA and RNA in cel
ls, but an increasing number of results point to the biological importance
of alternative structures such as bulges, hairpins, branched junctions or q
uadruplexes. Progress in the chemical synthesis of oligonucleotides and in
the knowledge of the factors that favour a particular conformation has open
ed new fields of research in molecular recognition and drug design.