High-T-c superconductors are characterized by very low carrier densities. T
his feature leads to two fundamental consequences: on one hand the Fermi en
ergies are correspondingly smalt and they can be of the same order of phono
n frequencies. In such a situation nonadiabatic corrections arising from th
e breakdown of Migdal's theorem can not be longer neglected. In addition, s
mall carrier densities imply poor screening and correlation effects have to
be taken into account. We present a comprehensive overview of the theory o
f superconductivity generalized into the nonadiabatic regime which is quali
tatively different from the conventional one. In this framework some of the
observed properties of the cuprates and the fullerene compounds can be nat
urally accounted for, and a number of theoretical predictions are proposed
that can be experimentally tested.