Nematodes of elasmobranch fishes from the Southern Coast of Brazil

New records for nematode species recovered from elasmobranch fishes in Braz il are established and new systematical arrangements proposed. Parascarophi s sphymae Campana-Rouget, 1955 from the spiral valve of Sphyrna zygaena is referred for the first time in South America as a new host record. Procamal lanus (S.) pereirai Annereaux, 1946, from the spiral value of Raja castelna ui is reported parasitizing an elasmobranch host. Nematode larvae of the ge nera Anisakis, Contracaecum, Pseudoterranova and Raphidascaris are listed f rom the stomach and spiral valves of several hosts. Anisakidae larvae previ ously referred in Brazil in the genus Phocanema should be reallocated in Ps eudoterranova. Nematodes of the genera Anisakis, Contracaecum, Pseudoterran ova and Raphidascaris are reported for the first time parasitizing elasmobr anches in Brazil.