Alternative SEM techniques for observing pyritised fossil material

Two scanning electron microscopy (SEM) electron-specimen interactions that provide images based on sample crystal structure, electron channelling and electron backscattered diffraction, are described. The SEM operating condit ions and sample preparation are presented, followed by an example applicati on of these techniques to the study of pyritised plant material. The two ap proaches provide an opportunity to examine simultaneously, at higher magnif ications normally available optically, detailed specimen anatomy and preser vation state. Our investigation suggests that whereas both techniques have their advantages, the electron channelling approach is generally more readi ly available to most SEM users. However, electron backscattered diffraction does afford the opportunity of automated examination and characterisation of pyritised fossil material. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights res erved.