Update on endovascular treatment of peripheral vascular disease - New tools, techniques, and indications

The treatment of peripheral vascular disease is one of the most rapidly exp anding fields of medicine today. At one time, patients who had peripheral v ascular disease had few medical or surgical options. Now, however, options abound. The number of peripheral interventions increased from 90, 000 in 19 94 to more than 200,000 in 1997 and endovascular techniques may soon replac e up to 50% of traditional vascular operations. Cardiologists, interventional radiologists, and vascular surgeons bring var ious types of expertise to endovascular intervention; nonetheless, they see m to share similar levels of enthusiasm about this treatment option. The ma ny advantages to the patient that such intervention offers over traditional surgery, such as the avoidance of anesthesia and other surgical risks, the rapid recovery time, and the relatively low treatment costs, provide encou ragement to these specialists. Endovascular intervention requires dedication on the part of practitioners, because it demands such complete knowledge of vascular disease and of the anatomic changes experienced by the patient. The challenge is intensified b y the continual introduction of new products and methods. We hope, herein, to offer pertinent information about recent advances in interventional tech niques and devices, and to provide a framework for future education.