Cf. Blanford et al., Tuning solvent-dependent color changes of three-dimensionally ordered macroporous (3DOM) materials through compositional and geometric modifications, ADVAN MATER, 13(1), 2001, pp. 26
Striking color changes in the visible spectrum are produced when the voids
of three-dimensionally ordered macroporous (3DOM) silica, alumina, and zirc
onia ("inverse opals") are filled with solvents, it is reported here (see F
igure). The wavelength of these colors is linearly related to the refractiv
e index of the fluid filling the pores and can be tuned by modifying the re
fractive index of the wall material as well as the size and spacing of the
pores.