The morphology of the Baikalian Alona labrosa Vasiljeva & Smirnov, 1969 (Ch
ydoridae, Anomopoda, Branchiopoda) is redescribed, based on the type and on
new material. A. labrosa is a remarkable species that shows many traits wh
ich are unique or rarely observed in Alona, and are a mix of primitive and
advanced characters. A close relationship between A. labrosa and the ground
water species A. phreatica Dumont, 1983 was revealed. It is probable that t
hese two species, possible together with some other, will need to be alloca
ted into a subgenus or even genus in the future. However, more detailed inv
estigations of other marginal species of Alona are necessary for understand
ing the position of A. labrosa among Aloninae.