K. Okitsu et al., SYNTHESIS OF PALLADIUM NANOPARTICLES WITH INTERSTITIAL CARBON BY SONOCHEMICAL REDUCTION OF TETRACHLOROPALLADATE(II) IN AQUEOUS-SOLUTION, JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B, 101(28), 1997, pp. 5470-5472
The metal particles of an interstitial solid solution of palladium car
bide, PdCx (0 < x less than or equal to 0.15), were synthesized at roo
m temperature in aqueous solution during the reduction of tetrachlorop
alladate(II) with sonochemically produced organic radicals. The number
of carbon atoms in the Pd particles were controlled by changing the c
oncentration and the type of organic additives. The following mechanis
m of PdC formation is proposed: (i) an active Pd cluster is formed dur
ing the synthesis of Pd particles, (ii) organic additives are then ads
orbed on the Pd cluster surface, and finally (iii) carbon atoms on the
particle surface, which are formed from the catalytic dissociation of
the additives, diffuse in the Pd metal lattice.