Combined tamoxifen and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist versus LHRH agonist alone in premenopausal advanced breast cancer: A meta-analysis of four randomized trials

Purpose: The logic behind the application of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists in combination with tamoxifen in premenopausal wome n is that LHRH agonists on the one hand suppress the tamoxifen-induced stim ulation of the pituitary-ovarian function and, on the other hand, seem as e ffective as surgical castration. This meta-analysis combines all randomized evidence to compare the combined treatment with LHRH agonist alone with re spect to overall survival, progression-free survival, and objective respons e in premenopausal women with advanced breast cancer. Patients and Methods: Four clinical trials randomising a total of 506 preme nopausal women with advanced breast cancer to LHRH agonist alone or to the combined treatment of LHRH agonist plus tamoxifen were identified. Meta-ana lytic techniques were used to analyze individual patient data from these tr ials. Results: With a median follow-vp of 6.8 years, there was a significant surv ival benefit (stratified log-rank test, P =.02; hazards ratio [HR] = 0.78) and progression-free survival benefit (stratified log-rank test, P =.0003; HR = 0.70) in favor of the combined treatment. The overall response rate wa s significantly higher on combined endocrine treatment (stratified Mantel H aenszel test, P =.03; odds ratio = 0.67). Conclusion: The combination of LHRH agonist plus tamoxifen is superior to L HRH agonist alone in premenopausal women with advanced breast cancer. There fore, if a premenopausal woman with advanced breast cancer is thought to be suitable for endocrine treatment it is proposed that the combination of a LHRH agonist plus tamoxifen be considered as the new standard treatment. J Clin Oncol 19:343-353. (C) 2001 by American Society of Clinical Oncology.