Delinquency, control maintenance, and the negation of fatalism

To account for the malicious and non-utilitarian character of much delinque nt behavior, many theorists interpret delinquency as a symbolic statement o f personal independence. In particular, they argue that delinquency represe nts a functional device or maneuver that enables youths to maintain a sense of personal control in the face of adult constraints and impositions. This study presents an empirical evaluation of this claim based on analyses of longitudinal data from a national survey of male adolescents. The findings are largely consistent with the "control-maintenance" argument. Data indica te that male adolescents tend to respond to adult constraints with a dimini shed sense of personal control (or fatalism). Delinquent involvement, howev er, negates the effect of such constraints. Implications for criminological theory, delinquency control, and future research are discussed.