Hemostatic profiles in 39 dogs with congenital portosystemic shunts

Objectives-To determine if there were significant changes in prothrombin ti me (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), and fibrinogen levels in dogs w ith naturally occurring congenital portosystemic shunts (CPSS) and to deter mine if there was any association between these values, serum albumin conce ntration, and the ability to attenuate the shunt vessel. Study Design-Retrospective clinical study. Animals-Thirty-nine client-owned dogs. Methods-Medical records of 60 dogs with confirmed CPSS were retrospectively evaluated. Hemostatic profiles had been performed before surgery in 39 cas es. Results-Dogs with CPSS had significantly higher values for PTT (P < .001) w hen compared with normal dogs, Of the total number of dogs, 64.1% had a PTT greater than 16 seconds (25/39), PTT was prolonged by 25% or more in 51.3% of dogs (20/39). PT tended to be higher in dogs with CPSS (P = .036), alth ough only 7.7% (3/39) of dogs had a PT greater than 12 seconds (the maximum reference value). Dogs with CPSS had significantly lower values for albumi n and fibrinogen (P < .001), Platelet numbers were within the normal range in 87.2% of cases (34/39). Of the 5 dogs with platelet numbers outside the normal range, 3 were mildly thrombocytopenic. Fibrin degradation product co ncentrations were not elevated in any dogs tested (N = 22). There was no si gnificant difference in any of the measured variables between dogs with ext rahepatic shunts and those with intrahepatic shunts (P > .1), For PT, PTT, albumin, and fibrinogen, there was no significant difference between dogs t hat underwent total, partial, or no attenuation (P > .3). Conclusions-Dogs with CPSS have a tendency to have a prolonged PTT. There w as no significant difference in hemostatic profile results between dogs wit h intrahepatic shunts versus extrahepatic shunts. Preoperative hemostatic p rofile abnormalities were not useful as predictors of ability to attenuate CPSS. Clinical Relevance-Prolonged PTT was not associated with bleeding tendencie s in any of the dogs. Assays of individual clotting factors may help to fur ther characterize the abnormalities present in animals with CPSS and may id entify specific factor deficiencies. This might enable identification of a noninvasive diagnostic or prognostic indicator. (C) Copyright 2001 by The A merican College of Veterinary Surgeons.