Radiofrequency transmission to monitoring devices in the operating room: Asimulation study

We evaluated radiofrequency (RF) transmission to various monitoring devices using circuits that simulated potentially hazardous conditions for patient s in the operating room. Right heart ejection fraction (REF) pulmonary arte ry catheters, transesophageal atrial pacing stethoscopes, and temperature-s ensing esophageal stethoscopes were subjected to RF transmission from an el ectrosurgery unit. Peak voltage and spark intensity were measured in circui ts between the electrocautery dispersive pad and conductive elements of the various medical devices. All monitoring devices with an exposed conductive surface were found to have induced voltages and even spark generation. The ranking for peak voltage from least to most was as follows: disrupted esop hageal stethoscope (620 volts), the trans-esophageal pacemaker (640 volts), and the REF pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) (680 volts). Peak voltage meas urements of the REF PAC significantly decreased from 388 +/- 23 to 142 +/- 22 volts (P < 0.0001, Student's t-tests) in a fluid medium compared to air. In a fluid medium, peak voltage significantly decreased from 142 +/- 22 to 85 +/- 15 volts (P < 0.0001, Student's t-tests) when the REF PAC was conne cted to the cardiopulmonary monitor.