OWNERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT CHANGES ON CALIFORNIA HARDWOOD RANGELANDS - 1985 TO 1992

Results of a 1985 survey of California hardwood rangeland landowners w ere used to develop a multi-agency research and extension program know n as the Integrated Hardwood Range Management Program. In 1992, the sa me properties were re-surveyed. Although the results cannot prove the program is the sole or direct agent of change, program-sponsored educa tion and research aimed at encouraging oak rangeland owners to change oak management practices is reflected in changes in key landowner beha viors. Program-sponsored research showed that intermediate levels of o ak canopy cover did not significantly reduce forage production. Concur rently, landowners have significantly reduced the clearing of oaks for forage production. Other significant changes are reduction of cutting of living oaks for any reason, reduced cutting of oaks for fuelwood, increased use of oak promoting practices, and a growing awareness of t he need to be concerned about the status of oaks. Landowners who were aware of the resource benefits of having oaks, or who believed oaks we re threatened, or who had been in contact with a natural resource advi sory service were significantly more likely to carry oat oak-promoting practices. Between 1985 and 1992, many properties changed hands: 24% of parcels were sold but remained intact, while an additional 11% were subdivided. As was found in 1985, owners of smaller properties manage for different and more diverse goals than those of larger properties. The changing pattern of hardwood rangeland land ownership will have a n impact on education and conservation programs.