p53 independent G(1) arrest induced by DL-alpha-difluoromethylomithine

Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), which catalyzes polyamine biosynthesis, play s an essential role in cell growth. DL-alpha -Difluoromethylornithine (DFMO ), a synthetic inhibitor of ODC, inhibits cell growth. However, the exact m echanism by which polyamine depletion by DEMO results in growth inhibition remains to be elucidated. We clarified the mechanisms by which DFMO inhibit s human gastric cancer cell (MKN45) growth. DFMO induced MKN45 cell G(1) ph ase arrest after 48 h, and the percentage of G(1) arrest cells continued to increase until 72 h. Expression of p21 and phosphorylation of Stat1 were s ignificantly induced by DFMO at 24 h. Luciferase assay and gel shift assay showed specific binding of Stat1 to the p21 promoter, and promoter activity was activated at 24 h. In dominant negative p53 expressing cells, DFMO sig nificantly induced p21 expression, arrested cells at G(1) phase, and suppre ssed cell growth effectively. These results suggest that DFMO induced MKN45 cell arrest at G(1) phase in a p53 independent manner, and Stat1 is, at le ast in part, involved in G(1) arrest. (C) 2001 Academic Press.