Prevention of surface encrustation of urological implants by coating with inhibitors

The encrustation of materials used for urological implants is as yet an unr esolved problem. The crystallisation-inhibiting effect of the glycosaminogl ycan heparin was used to reduce encrustation. Heparin was covalently bound to the surface of slotted-tube stents of tantalum and stainless steel using a spacer molecule. To verify the inhibition of crystallisation processes, reproducible in vitro tests and in vivo tests using the rat as animal model were carried out. The in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that the hep arin coating has a significant influence on the encrustation of the surface . After 7 days in vitro and 120 days in vivo, heparin coated stents were fr ee of encrustation, whereas the uncoated reference stents were extensively covered. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.