Drug abuse in sport attracts considerable media and public interest, p
articularly around the time of major international events such as the
Olympic Games. From a scientific viewpoint the benefits of drugs to sp
ortspersons have been difficult to address. In the case of steroids, t
he experiments required for proof, particularly in women, are unethica
l. Drug testing is an expensive mechanism for deterrence, but there ar
e areas in the scenario where validation data are lacking and improvem
ents to the procedures are needed, Testing standards for women cannot
be based on results from tests in men, and regulations need revision t
o take account of new data.