Alteration of the vascular supply in the rabbit ciliary body by transscleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation

Background: Besides the direct destruction of the non-pigmented ciliary epi thelium by cyclodestructive procedures, further mechanisms are responsible for the decrease of intraocular pressure. This study evaluates the alterati on of the ciliary body vascularization by contact transscleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation in rabbit eyes. Methods: Pigmented chinchilla bastard rabbits were used. Preliminary experiments were conducted to determine the parameters for diode laser cyclophotocoagulation of the pars plana or pars plicata. Then, treatment of the pars plicata (three rabbits) or pars plana (three rabbits) was performed in the right eye of six rabbits. After 2, 6 and 12 weeks histologic and transmission electron microscopic studies were performed. Furthermore, three rabbits received pars plicata cyclophotocoagu lation of the right and pars plana cyclophotocoagulation of the left eye. A fter 2, 6 and 12 weeks, vascular casts of the ciliary body were investigate d by scanning electron microscopy. Results: Histologic and transmission ele ctron microscopic studies showed a marked coagulation necrosis with subsequ ent ciliary body atrophy, destruction of the ciliary epithelium, pigment di spersion in the ciliary body stroma and peripheral anterior synechiae. Exam ination of vascular casts of the ciliary body revealed a marked rareficatio n of the capillary network within the treated areas of the ciliary body in all eyes and at every time of investigation. Anterior to the laser bums the capillary network was not markedly affected in the eyes with cyclophotocoa gulation of the pars plana. After 3 months short vessel sprouts were seen, but regeneration was mostly incomplete. Conclusions: The vascular casting t echnique is an excellent method for the investigation of changes in ciliary body vascularization after cyclodestruction. This study is the first to de monstrate a marked rarefication of the ciliary body vascularization after d iode laser cyclophotocoagulation using vascular casts. The results suggest that alteration of vascularization probably acts as a strong synergistic me chanism in the decrease of intraocular pressure after cyclophotocoagulation of the pars plicata.