A novel three-layer double-bonded InP-InGaAsP waveguide vertical coupler 1:
8 beam splitter is demonstrated. The strongly coupled waveguides allow a 58
3-mum device length, more than 100 times shorter than that of the equivalen
t horizontal coupler. The device illustrates the use of multiple vertical-l
ayer optical interconnects for three-dimensional routing of optical signals
.