CAMDEX, can it be more efficient? Observational study on the contribution of four screening measures to the diagnosis of dementia by a memory clinic team

Objective. To evaluate the efficiency of the CAMDEX by exploring the contri bution of its four main screening measures to the diagnosis of dementia at a memory clinic. Methods. A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on the diagnostic practice in a memory clinic regarding all consecutively referred patients w ho came for a first assessment. A standardised examination based on the CAM DEX included three cognitive tests (CAMCOG, MMSE, IMCT) and a test for func tional competence (BDS). The predictive value of the tests was estimated by uni- and multivariate analysis with the clinical dementia diagnosis (yes/n o) as dependent variable, taking into account the patients' age, education, gender and sensory ability. Results. Of the 180 patients consecutively referred, 150 completed the asse ssments and entered the study. Multivariate analysis revealed that the CAMC OG-score contributed most to the clinical diagnosis and was consistent with 84% of the clinical diagnoses using the conventional cutoff 79/80. The CAM COG-score correlated best with the clinical diagnosis, however, at a cutoff score of 81/82. Forty-one patients (27%) scored closely around ( +/- 5 poi nts) the CAMCOG cutoff of 79/80. In this group 19 of the total of 23 deviat ions from the CAMCOG cutoff (83%) occurred. The patients' age. education, g ender and visual ability explained some cases where the team's diagnosis de viated from the conventional cutoff score. Conclusion. Among four screening measures, after control, the CAMCOG was th e only significant predictor for the clinical diagnosis of dementia. To gai n efficiency, the screening measures of the CAMDEX protocol may be restrict ed to the CAMCOG. The interpretation of CAMCOG-scores around the cut-off is problematic. This indicates the need for reference values. Copyright (C) 2 001 John Wiley gr Sons, Ltd.