The temperature dependence of the bulk compression modulus of polycrystalli
ne paramagnetic neodymium is analyzed in terms of the Debye-Gruneisen model
in a temperature range of 300-800 K. The phonon contribution K-ph(T) to th
e change in the elastic modulus of neodymium at enhanced temperatures was f
ound to be negligible;the temperature dependence of K is determined almost
completely by the electron contribution K-e(T). The unusually large magnitu
de of the electron contribution to the high-temperature elastic modulus of
metallic neodymium appears to be established for the first time. The K-e(T)
contribution may also be substantial for other transition metals at enhanc
ed temperatures.