There is an ongoing debate of whether presenting children with lessons in L
atin is useful or not. A longitudinal study to be reported here investigate
s effects of learning the first foreign language Latin or English on genera
l cognitive abilities, study skills and classroom climate. The comparison o
f the learners beginning Latin (N = 170) or English (N = 186) in fifth grad
e doesn't show any differences in general intelligence. At the end of sixth
grade again no differences were found. However. some differences concernin
g study skills are found.