Biomonitoring of trace elements in air and soil compartments along the major motorway in France

The impact on the environment of Cd, Pb and Zn emissions from the A1 motorw ay, one of the busiest in France, was based on a simultaneous analysis of l ichens, fungi and soil. The study was conducted in 12 rest areas located al ong a 55 km stretch of the motorway. Cd, Pb and Zn concentrations in the to p soil horizon (0-10 cm) largely exceeded their concentrations at the contr ol site. The Cd-, Pb- and Zn levels in fruiting bodies of fungi Armillaria mellea, Coprinus comatus, Marasmius oreades and Paxillus involutus were hig hly variable between sites. The contamination degree of transplanted thalli of Parmelia caperata was well correlated to the cumulated traffic on the w estern side. On the eastern side, heavy metals originated from the traffic but also from neighbouring sources (urbanization and agricultural practices ). Although lead levels are decreasing, leaded petrol is still on offer and lead remains an indicator of vehicle pollution.