Objective-To characterize retroviruses isolated from bold snakes with inclu
sion body disease (IBD).
Animals-2 boa constrictors with IBD and 1 boa exposed to an affected snake.
Procedure-Snakes were euthanatized, and tissue specimens and blood samples
were submitted for virus isolation. Tissue specimens were cultured with or
without commercially available viper heart cells and examined by use of tra
nsmission electron microscopy (TEM) for evidence of viral replication. Reve
rse transcriptase activity was determined ii? sucrose gradient-purified vir
us. Western blotting was performed, using polyclonal antibodies against 1 o
f the isolated viruses. Specificity of the rabbit anti-virus antibody was e
valuated, using an immunogold-labeling TEM technique.
Results-3 viruses (RV-1. RV-2, and RV-3) were isolated. The isolates were m
orphologically comparable to members of the Retroviridae family. Reverse tr
anscriptase activity was high in sucrose gradient fractions that were rich
in virus. Polyclonal antibody against RV-1 reacted with proteins of similar
relative mobility in RV-1 and RV-2. By use of immunogold labeling, this an
tibody also recognized virions of both RV-1 and RV-2.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-A retrovirus was isolated from bold snak
es with IBD or exposed to IBD. Western blot analysis of viral proteins indi
cated that viruses isolated from the different snakes were similar. Whether
this virus represents the causative agent of IBD is yet to be determined.
The isolation of retroviruses from bold snakes with IBD is an important ste
p in the process of identifying the causative agent of this disease.