In this study, analysis of the second law of thermodynamics is applied to t
he ladle furnace in an important alloyed and special steel production compa
ny in Turkey, Taking liquid steel and stack gas temperatures and production
time of liquid steel in the ladle furnace into consideration, actual work,
irreversibility and exergy efficiency have been calculated. In general, ex
ergy efficiency is found to be 50%. Irreversibilities which cause the signi
ficant production costs are investigated in detail. (C) 2001 Elsevier Scien
ce Ltd, All rights reserved.