Sampling with adhesive tape strips: an easy and rapid method to monitor microbial colonization on monument surfaces

An easy and fast non-destructive method for sampling from monument and art object surfaces is proposed. The results obtained after sampling in regions of black spots and discoloration using adhesive tape strips showed that th e method is useful for monitoring microbial colonization as well as for the identification of biodeteriogens. This technique is easy to apply, inexpen sive and reproducible. The presence of fungi or algae on stone surfaces can be checked at an early stage of colonization or after cleaning procedures, without damage to the sampled surface. In addition, it is possible to obta in information on the morphology and taxonomy of microorganisms, and their relationships with the colonized material surfaces. (C) 2001 Elsevier Scien ce B.V. All rights reserved.