Semi-intrusive determination of ground penetrating radar wave velocity

A review of established techniques used to determine radar wave velocities within different materials is presented. A new semi-intrusive method for de termining the velocity of impulse radar energy through materials is propose d based on the refraction of electromagnetic waves as they transmit through layers of different materials. Inserting a metal bar into the material and traversing the surface of it enables the impulse radar velocities of the m aterial under investigation to be readily interpreted from the radargram. T his new method provides a quick, readily interpreted and practical tool for ground penetrating radar operators to use. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd A ll rights reserved.