T. Kiyokura et al., Throughput measurement of a multilayer-coated Schwarzschild objective using synchrotron radiation, OPT REV, 7(6), 2000, pp. 576-578
The throughput of a Schwarzschild objective using undulator synchrotron rad
iation was measured. Conventionally, the throughput was estimated from the
squared reflectivity of one multilayer mirror and from the obstruction rati
o. However, we evaluated the transmission ratio from the input and output p
hoton flux using a precisely calibrated monochromatic beam from an undulato
r light source. It was found that the objective has a maximum throughput of
8.5% at a wavelength of 13.9 nm.