Cytosolic calcium has long been known as a second messenger of major signif
icance. Recently it has become apparent that calcium stored in cellular org
anelles can also be an important regulator of cellular functions. The endop
lastic reticulum (ER) is usually the largest store of releasable calcium in
the cell. The diverse signalling functions of calcium populating the endop
lasmic reticulum and its interactions with other organelles are illustrated
in Figure 1 and described in this paper.