Aims. To document the geographical injection locations of IDU, and the fact
ors and harms associated with injecting in public places. Design. Cross-sec
tional survey. Setting. Sydney, Australia. Participants. Two hundred inject
ing drug users. Findings. Nearly all subjects (96%) had injected in a publi
c place, and 89% had done so in the preceding 6 months. Large proportions h
ad injected in all locations studied, including cars (90%), public toilets
(81%), the street (80%) and trains (55%). Injecting in public places also o
ccurred frequently, with 53% of subjects having injected often in at least
one public location during the preceding 6 months. Twenty-seven per cent of
subjects had injected often in the street over the preceding 6 months, 22%
had injected often in cars and 17% had injected often in public toilets. F
requent injectors in public places were more likely to be male, and to have
overdosed in the preceding 6 months, injected significantly more drug clas
ses in the preceding 6 months, injected in more bodily injecting sites in t
he preceding 6 months and had more current injection-related problems than
other IDU. Conclusions. Injecting in public places was practised by the ove
rwhelming majority of the sample, and a pattern of increased harm was assoc
iated with frequent public injecting. In attempting to quantify the harm as
sociated with injecting, and to reduce such harm, the locations injections
take place in are of major importance.