Muscarinic stimulation increases basal Ca2+ and inhibits spontaneous Ca2+ transients in murine colonic myocytes

Localized Ca2+ transients in isolated murine colonic myocytes depend on Ca2 + release from inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptors. Localized Ca2 transients couple to spontaneous transient outward currents (STOCs) and me diate hyperpolarization responses in these cells. We used confocal microsco py and whole cell patch-clamp recording to investigate how muscarinic stimu lation, which causes formation of IP3, can suppress Ca2+ transients and STO Cs that might override the excitatory nature of cholinergic responses. ACh (10 muM) reduced localized Ca2+ transients and STOCs, and these effects wer e associated with a rise in basal cytosolic Ca2+. These effects of ACh were mimicked by generalized rises in basal Ca2+ caused by ionomycin (250-500 n M) or elevated external Ca2+ (6 mM). Atropine (10 muM) abolished the effect s of ACh. Pretreatment of cells with nicardipine (1 muM), or Cd2+ (200 muM) had no effect on responses to ACh. An inhibitor of phospholipase C, U-7312 2, blocked Ca2+ transients and STOCs but did not affect the increase in bas al Ca2+ after ACh stimulation. Xestospongin C (Xe-C; 5 muM), a membrane-per meable antagonist of IP3 receptors, blocked spontaneous Ca2+ transients but did not prevent the increase of basal Ca2+ in response to ACh. Gd3+ (10 mu M), a nonselective cation channel inhibitor, prevented the increase in basa l Ca2+ after ACh and increased the frequency and amplitude of Ca2+ transien ts and waves. Another inhibitor of receptor-mediated Ca2+ influx channels, SKF-96365, also prevented the rise in basal Ca2+ after ACh and increased Ca 2+ transients and development of Ca2+ waves. FK-506, an inhibitor of FKBP12 /IP3 receptor interactions, had no effect on the rise in basal Ca2+ but blo cked the inhibitory effects of increased basal Ca2+ and ACh on Ca2+ transie nts. These results suggest that the rise in basal Ca2+ that accompanies mus carinic stimulation of colonic muscles inhibits localized Ca2+ transients t hat could couple to activation of Ca2+ activated K+ channels and reduce the excitatory effects of ACh.