Recent experiments have indicated that Josephson-junction arrays can radiat
e coherently in a laser-like fashion, as predicted by theoretical work in t
he 1970s. We present results from measurements of high-efficiency Josephson
-junction arrays coupled to resonant cavities. In one of our samples with f
our columns and 36 rows, the dc to ac (180 GHz) conversion efficiency reach
es an asymptotic value of about 32%. Using a simple circuit model we show t
hat we have achieved optimal dc to ac conversion in this sample. (C) 2001 A
merican Institute of Physics.