Turbulence control as a factor in improving visualization during subacromial shoulder arthroscopy

Bleeding in the subacromial space is an annoying but ever-present impedimen t to visualization during arthroscopic subacromial procedures. Direct (ther mal electrocautery) and indirect (hypotensive anesthesia, arthroscopic pump ) means of bleeding control have been used with varying degrees of success. However, the simplest technique of all has been ignored until now. Applica tion of Bernoulli's Principle to achieve turbulence control by means of dig ital pressure over a leaking portal can quickly and easily enhance visualiz ation.