Ah. Church, DO YOU SEE WHAT I SEE - AN EXPLORATION OF CONGRUENCE IN RATINGS FROM MULTIPLE PERSPECTIVES, Journal of applied social psychology, 27(11), 1997, pp. 983-1020
This paper provides a comparative analysis of behavioral observations
made on 152 service providers in a business advisory and professional
services firm from 5 distinctly different ratings sources (self, direc
t reports, peers, supervisor, and clients). Results focused on differe
nces in ratings level and degree of congruence with self-assessments b
y observer type. The data suggested that service providers and their c
lients may have a different perceptual frame of reference than do inte
rnal observers (e.g., direct reports, peers, and supervisors). Moreove
r, congruence in self-others' ratings was found to be a significant pr
edictor of performance assessments from the same observer source. Impl
ications of these results for the use of multirater appraisal systems
are discussed.