Activity of moxifloxacin and twelve other antimicrobial agents against 216clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae

Citation
S. Esposito et al., Activity of moxifloxacin and twelve other antimicrobial agents against 216clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, CHEMOTHERA, 47(2), 2001, pp. 90-96
Citations number
32
Categorie Soggetti
Pharmacology,"Pharmacology & Toxicology
Journal title
CHEMOTHERAPY
ISSN journal
00093157 → ACNP
Volume
47
Issue
2
Year of publication
2001
Pages
90 - 96
Database
ISI
SICI code
0009-3157(200103/04)47:2<90:AOMATO>2.0.ZU;2-R
Abstract
Background: An increased incidence of macrolide resistance in penicillin-re sistant Streptococcus pneumoniae has been described. Methods: With this in mind, 216 S. pneumoniae isolates were evaluated for their in vitro suscepti bility to a new fluoroquinolone, moxifloxacin, which was compared with peni cillin, amoxicillin, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, erythromycin, cla rithromycin, ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin, ofloxacin, vancomycin and teicopl anin. A broth microdilution assay was performed in cation-adjusted Mueller- Hinton broth with 5% (v/v) lysed horse blood according to NCCLS guidelines. Results: Erythromycin resistance was observed in all the 22 penicillin-res istant S. pneumoniae (10.1%). All the penicillin-susceptible S. pneumoniae were susceptible to cephalosporins, whereas all the penicillin-resistant on es showed resistance to cefuroxime and only intermediate susceptibility to cefotaxime and ceftriaxone. The 216 tested strains were inhibited by sparfl oxacin and moxifloxacin at concentrations of 0.12-0.5 mg/l and 0.06-0.25 mg /l, respectively, regardless of whether the strain was penicillin and/or er ythromycin resistant. Seven penicillin-resistant strains displayed resistan ce to ofloxacin. All isolates were susceptible to vancomycin; teicoplanin M IC values ranged from 0.03 to 0.12 mg/l. The excellent in vitro activity of moxifloxacin against S. pneumoniae was not affected by penicillin and/or m acrolides. Conclusion: Moxifloxacin appears to be a promising choice for th e treatment of pneumococcal infections, including situations where therapeu tic choices are limited due to penicillin and macrolide resistance. Copyrig ht (C) 2001 S. Karger AG, Basel.