Intracellular contents and assembly states of all 12 subunits of the RNA polymerase II in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe

The RNA polymerase II (Pol II) of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pom be is composed of 12 different polypeptides, Rpb1 to Rpb12, of which five, Rpb5, Rpb6, Rpb8, Rpb10 and Rpb12, are shared among three forms of the RNA polymerase. To get an insight into the control of synthesis and assembly of individual subunits, we have measured the intracellular concentrations of all 12 subunits in S. pombe by quantitative immunoblotting. Results indicat e that the levels are low for the three large subunits, Rpb1, Rpb2 and Rpb3 , which are the homologues of beta', beta and CY subunits, respectively, of prokaryotic RNA polymerase. On the other hand, the levels of small-sized s ubunits were between 2- to 15-fold higher than these three core subunits. T he levels of the five common subunits shared among RNA polymerases I, II an d III are about 10 times greater than those of the Pol II-specific core sub units. The assembly state of the Rpb proteins was analyzed by glycerol grad ient centrifugation of S. pombe whole cell extracts. The three core subunit s are mostly assembled in Pol II, but some of the small subunits were detec ted in the slowly sedimenting fractions, indicating that at least some of t he excess Rpb proteins exist in unassembled forms. Based on the intracellul ar concentration of the least abundant Rpb3 subunit, the total number of Po l II in a growing S. pombe cell was estimated to be about 10 000 molecules. The intracellular distribution of some Pol II subunits was also analyzed b y microscopic observation of the green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fused Rpb proteins. In agreement with the biochemical analysis, the GFP-Rpb1 and GFP- Rpb3 fusions were present in the nuclei but the GFP-Rpb4 was detected in th e cytoplasm as well as the nuclei.