Cooking pots made by craft specialists in a neighborhood in a small city in
the Philippines are hand made, using the paddle and anvil technique, and t
hen slipped with an iron-rich clay and polished with a marine shell. They a
re fired in an open fire, removed while very hot, and immersed in a bed of
rice chaff. The result is a shiny black pot that is easily recognized in th
e market as being the product of this neighborhood. Such pots are valued by
consumers as more beautiful and durable compared with pots made elsewhere.
To see if the iron and carbon surface treatments improve the performance o
f the cooking pots, 50 pots were commissioned, with surfaces that varied fr
om no treatment to slip only or carbon only as well as both carbon and slip
. This collection was tested at the University of Arizona, and results clea
rly indicate that heating effectiveness is improved with both slip and carb
on present. The surface treatments of red slip and smudge also affect the p
erformance of pots for water permeability. However, our tests show no obvio
us relationships between strength and different surface treatments. The pro
ject illustrates the power of combining ethnoarchaeology with experimental
studies in understanding artifact design.