When Brooks Parsimony Analysis (BPA) or Parsimony Analysis of Endemicity (P
AE) is performed under Wagner Parsimony, some branches in the resulting res
olved area cladogram(s), may be supported by reversals, interpreted as exti
nctions. Such support is meaningless, so one may perform the analysis with
irreversible characters. This, in turn, will increase the number of indepen
dent forward character changes on the resolved area cladogram(s) which can
also be problematical in BPA, but not in PAE.