A flexible Java representation for uncertainty in online operations-research models

Online OR models have been the subject of increased attention in recent yea rs with the rapid expansion of the Internet. Although much has been written about the implementation, as well as the formal analysis of online models, little has been said about how to handle uncertainty in an online setting. In particular, the dynamic nature of uncertainty that is so characteristic of online models, where estimates and distributions evolve in parallel wit h the state of the model, has been largely ignored. In this paper, we prese nt a new representation for uncertainty in online models. This representati on is object-oriented and, as such, provides several important software-eng ineering advantages over traditional representations for uncertainty. Moreo ver, by using the event listener paradigm it provides an explicit mechanism for handling dynamic uncertainty in an elegant and extensible manner. A se ries of computational experiments demonstrates that there is no significant overhead to our representation when compared to traditional representation s on a realistic application and, in some cases, our representation can be noticeably faster.