Pharmacogenetic assessment of antipsychotic-induced movement disorders: contribution of the dopamine D3 receptor and cytochrome P450 1A2 genes

Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is characterized by involuntary movements predomina ntly in the orofacial region and develops in approximately 20% of patients during long-term treatment with typical antipsychotics. The high prevalence of TD and its disabling and potentially irreversible clinical course is an important shortcoming for treatment with typical antipsychotics. The studi es presented in this article evaluate the role of single nucleotide polymor phisms in dopamine D3 receptor (DRD3) and CYP1A2 genes for propensity to de velop TD in patients with schizophrenia. In theory, a combined pharmacogene tic analysis of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic targets for antipsychot ics should improve our ability to identify subpopulations that differ in dr ug safety profile. This information may in turn contribute to the design of more efficient clinical trials and thus expedite the development and regul atory approval of newer antipsychotic compounds. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights: reserved.