A just and an unjust world: Structure and validity of different world beliefs

In three studies, we tested the hypothesis that the belief in a just and an unjust world are distinct constructs. The two-factor model was supported t hrough the use of structural equation modeling and the pattern of correlati ons with religiosity, well-being, and political ideology. Specifically, onl y the belief in a just world correlated positively with religiosity, three indicators of well being (life satisfaction, mood level, and affect), and p referring a well-established political party. A comparison between prisoner s and guards revealed further differences. Prisoners endorsed more strongly the belief in an unjust world, but both guards and prisoners equally endor sed the belief in a just world, We discuss the differences between the beli ef in a just and an unjust world, and the implications of believing in an u njust world for social behavior. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.