Polyploidy alters advertisement call structure in gray treefrogs

Whole-genome duplication is believed to have played a significant role in t he early evolution and diversification of vertebrate animals. The establish ment of newly arisen polyploid lineages of sexually reproducing animals req uires assortative mating between polyploids. Here, we show that genome dupl ication call directly alter a phenotypic trait mediating mate choice in the absence of genotypic change. Our results suggest that the direct effect of polyploidy on behaviour is a consequence of increased cell size.