Ip. Everall et al., Amelioration of neurotoxic effects of HIV envelope protein gp120 by fibroblast growth factor: A strategy for neuroprotection, J NE EXP NE, 60(3), 2001, pp. 293-301
Citations number
56
Categorie Soggetti
Neurosciences & Behavoir
Journal title
JOURNAL OF NEUROPATHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
Approximately two thirds of patients with human immunodeficiency virus ence
phalitis (HIVE) show cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration, while one
third are cognitively unimpaired and their neuronal populations are preserv
ed. Thus, it is possible that these individuals might have the capacity to
produce neurotrophic factors capable of protecting neurons against the dele
terious effects of HIV. In this context, the main objective of this study w
as to determine whether fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) is protective aga
inst HIV. For this purpose levels of FGF1 immunoreactivity were determined
in the frontal cortex of 35 AIDS cases subdivided into 4 groups according t
o the presence or absence of HIVE and neurodegeneration. In cases without b
oth HIVE and neurodegeneration, mild to moderate levels of FGF1 immunoreact
ivity were observed in pyramidal neurons, while in cases with HIVE but with
out neurodegeneration, levels were significantly elevated. In contrast, ind
ividuals with both HIVE and neurodegeneration showed low levels of neuronal
FGF1 immunoreactivity. Furthermore, studies in primary human neuronal cult
ures treated with the HN envelope protein-gp120 in the presence or absence
of FGF1 showed that FGF1 was protective against gp120 neurotoxicity in a do
se-dependent manner. Taken together, these results support the notion that
upregulation of certain neurotrophic factors, such as FGF1, might protect t
he central nervous system from the neurotoxic effects of HIV.