A systematic multi-objective fuzzy optimization procedure to design the opt
imum dimensions of a conical convective spine is presented in this paper. C
onflicting fuzzy design objectives, such as the weight and the length of sp
ine as well as 'soft' constraints, are considered simultaneously in this st
udy. The conical convective spine design based on the proposed procedure le
ads to a practical spine shape for production. The proposed design procedur
e cal also is applied to other design problems with complicated constraints
, (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd.