Effect of lead content on the structure and electrical properties of Pb((Zn1/3Nb2/3)(0.5)(Zr0.47Ti0.53)(0.5))O-3 ceramics

The effects of lead content on the structure and electrical properties of P b((Zn1/3Nb2/3)(0.5)(Zr0.47Ti0.53)(0.5))O-3 ceramics were investigated, Spec imens with various lead concentrations were prepared by the conventional ox ide-mixing method. When the lead concentration was slightly less than the s toichiometric amount, a large amount of pyrochlore phase was formed along w ith the perovskite phase. On the other hand, excessive amounts of lead led to the formation of PbO on the surface of the specimen. These second phases were seriously detrimental to electromechanical properties. The highest pi ezoelectric properties were observed when an excess of 1 mol% lead was adde d. By optimizing the specimen composition, excellent piezoelectric and diel ectric properties (k(p) = 0.7, d(33) = 490 pC/N, and epsilon (m) = 15000) w ere obtained.